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TUTE NGE TRIBAL CHU?




Tute nge Tribal chu ni ta? He zawhna hi a pawimawh khawp mai! India danah hian Scheduled Tribe te, Scheduled Caste te, OBC kan tih mai te hi criteria a awm lo tih hriat a tha viau mai! Kan sakhuana, Hindu kan ni emaw, Buddhist kan ni emaw, Kristian kan ni emaw, Jain kan ni emaw, Muslim kan ni emaw Tribal nih leh nih loh hriltu a ni lo a, Tribal nihna nen inkaihhnawihna a nei lem lo tih pawh hriat a tha khawp mai.

Scheduled Tribe tih hi Indian Constitution Article 366 (25)-naah a inziak lang ve chauh a, Scheduled Tribe tih an nihna chhan pawh 12 schedule zinga a chuan vanga Scheduled Tribe tih an ni ta a nih hmel. Criteria mumal tak erawh a awm lo nangin India President-in state/UT concerned-a Governor rawn chungin ST/SC/OBC list-a chuang tur hi Notification a chhuah thin a, chungho chu an lo ST ta thin a ni. Parliament pawmpuina zela he Notification hi kalpui a ni a. Mizoramah pawh ethnic group hrang hrang ST list kan neih kha hre reng ta ila.

Chuan han ti ta hluai ila, chuan Mizo Customary Law kan en chuan Bung 3-naah NUPUI PASAL INNEIH THU kan hmu a, chang 74-naah hnam dang nena nupui pasal inneih chungchangah Mizo hmeichhiain hnam dang pasal a neih chuan hnam dang chhungkuaah a lut anga ngaih a ni tiin a inziak kuau a.

Mizo Customary Law Bung 5-naah SAPHUN chungchang kan hmu a, hei hi chu miin a hnam kalsana hnam dang sakhua a biakin chu chu saphun tih niin a saphunna sakhua kha a zawmin a hnam a chhawm nghal thin a. Hei hi chu Mizo leh Mizo inkarah bak hman ngai a niin ka hre lo a. 

Saphun awmzia tak hi kan hriat a ngai a. Han sawi ta mai mai ila, Mizoram chhungah chuan kan pi leh pute khan an pemin emaw, an awmna khuaah khan emaw an hnampui an awm mang loh emaw, an tlem viau chuan hnam dangah sa an phun fo mai. Sakhua an biakin vawk an talh pawhin sakhua inang lo chu an sa biakna vawk sa pawh kha an ineisak thiang lo a. Chuan Hnamte khan Pachuau hnamah sa lo phun duh ta se la, an serh leh sang zawng zawng zawmin Pachuau sakhua a be tawh ang a, Hnamte a nihna kha a bo tawh ang a. An thlahte thlengin Hnamte ni tawh lovin Pachuau an lo char char tawh ang. Hei hi Mizo leh Mizo hnam inkarah bak hman a ni ngai lo. Dawi sa kil za thei tih ṭawngkam pawh a lo chhuahna chu hei tho hi a ni. Sakhaw inang lo chuan a sa biakna vawk sa kha an inei ṭawm thei lo a. Inei ṭawm thei hnam an awm a, khangho kha dawi sa kil za thei an tihte chu an ni mai. Hmeichhia erawh chuan sakhua an nei ve lo a. 

Hmeichhia leh chakaiin sakhua an nei lo an tih te kha inhmuhsitna a ni lem lo a. An pasal te sakhua apiang kha an zawm ve zel mai a ni. Sakhua chu nei se la chuan Hnamte nula khan Pachuau pasal a neih dawn chuan Pachuau-ah sa a phun a ngai ang a, a pasal kha lo boral palh ta se la, Hnamte pasalah nei leh dawn ta se la Hnamte sakhuaah sa a phun leh a ngai ang a, a hnam kha a thlak a thlak a ngai dawn a ni. Saphun tura serh leh sang ngai a tih zel a ngai bawk ang a. Mahse, sakhua an neih loh avangin pasal an neih hma chuan a pa sakhua a ṭawm a, pasal a neih hnuah a hnam thlak chuang lovin Hnamte nu ni chungin Pachuau sa biakna sa kha a ei ve zel thei ta a ni. 

Tun laia issue lar tak hi han ngaihtuah ta ila. Mi pakhat, Mizo ni ngai miah lo chuan eng tin tin emaw Chhangte hnamah sa a phun a ni awm a. Affidavit siamin a hming thlakin Chhangte hnam a lo ni ta a ni awm e. Hming thlak tura affidavit siam dawna a kalkawng chu kan hre vek ang a, sawi ngai lovah lo dah ta ila. 

State tin hian ST list an nei a, sakhuana-in awmzia a nei lo kan tih tawh kha. ST ni tur hian India President-in khami state/UT-a Governor be rawn chungin Notification an chhuah a, chuta list-a hnam awm leh chuangte chu ST an lo ni ta mai zel a ni. A state azirin hnam thenkhat chu ST an ni a, hnam thenkhat chu ST an ni kher lo. Entirna atan Meena hnam chu Rajasthan state-ah Tribal (ST) an nih laiin Madhya Pradesh State-ah erawh thung chuan District pathum (3)-ah ST niin district dang zawngah OBC an ni thung. Mizorama ST list kan en chuan Chhangte chu Mizo hnam a lo ni ta si a, ST certificate kha a dil ta a nih hmel bawk a (Chhangte hnam chuan an dil thei miau a). Aizawl DC lam chuan an lo pe ta mai a nih hmel. Chhangte hnama saphun a nihna lai kha a pawi lai tak zawk a nih hmel. 

Chuti chuan tu emaw chuan Mizorama tribal ni thei hnam list zingah a lo tel ve tak avangin Tribal Certificate chu a dil ta a. Tribal Certificate dil dawn chuan a awmna/chenna veng/khua Local Council/Village Council hriatpuina lehkha thlengin neih a ngaih thu chu kan hre vekin a rinawm a, sawi thui ta lo ila. Document pawimawh a neih kim takah chuan Tribal Certificate chu a dil a, a pe chhuak theituin an lo pe chhuak ta a ni. Aizawl DC hian an lo pe chhuak ngei a, a pe chhuaktu an ni a. An tisual ngei a nih pawh a rinawm a. Chutih rual chuan an lo tihsual tawh kha anmahni lo hnawl leh tur a ni reng em tih te pawh hriat ve a ngai a. Tunah kan demna ber pawh ST certificate kha hnawl leh turin kan duh a, Aizawl DC-a certificate pe chhuaktute kha hnawl theitu an ni reng em le? 

Kumari Madhuri Patil vs Addl. Commissioner (2.9.1994) case chungchanga Supreme Court Judgement kha chhiar ni se. He buaina avang hian State tinte chu dan siam tura tih an nih angin Mizoramah pawh ‘The Mizoram Scheduled Tribe and Scheduled Castes (regulation of issuance and verification) Community Certificates Act 2014 (Act No. 5 of 2014)’ chu a lo piang ta a (vide Notification No. H. 12018/234/2014-LJD, the 17th July, 2014). Hemi dan tlawhchhan hian Scrutiny Committee-in dan dik lova Tribal Certificate neite chu hnawl theihna an lo nei ta a ni. Scrutiny Committee-ah hian member 4 awmin Chairman-ah Joint Secy, Home Dept niin member dangte chu Director emaw, a nih loh pawhin Deputy Director chin tal heng Social Welfare Dept, Art & Culture Dept leh Economics & Statistics Dept lam mi hi an ni tur a ni a. He Scrutiny Committee-ina a lo zir chian a, awm a tih chuan Tribal Certificate nei pawh kha a hnawlsak thei a ni. A certificate lo pe chhuaktu lama tuan vakin awmzia a nei lem lo. 

Mizo hmeichhiain hnam dang pasal an neih hian a pawi ṭhin lai tak chu Sap nei hi chuan Mizorama awm kher te hi an tum lem lo a. Kan resource te hi min eipui lem lo a. Kan chhehvela hnam dang vai kan tih te an neih hian Mizorama inbengbel an tum ta ṭhin a. Kan buai phah ta thin niin a lang.

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